What is SARS-CoV-2

         Coronavirus belongs to the Nestoviruses, Coronaviridae, and Coronavirus genus. It is a type of RNA virus with an envelope and a linear single-stranded genome. It is a large class of viruses that widely exist in nature. It is not only one of the main pathogens of the common cold, but also the culprit of several severe epidemics. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus that raged in 2003, as well as the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus that affected Saudi Arabia, South Korea and other places in the past few years, are classified as coronaviruses in the Coronavirus family. As shown in the figure below, the coronavirus is spherical, with a coronal protrusion on the membrane, a diameter of 75-160 nm, the viral genome is a continuous linear single-stranded RNA, and the molecular weight is usually (5.5-6.1) x106.
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        Related research shows that the new coronavirus can enter the human body through interaction with ACE2 in the eyes, mouth and nasal mucosa. The virus is currently spreading from person to person in many parts of China and other countries. On January 30, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified the first case of interpersonal transmission in the United States. The possible routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission include:

·     Respiratory droplet transmission: It is the main method of transmission of the new coronavirus, and it can also be transmitted through contact. The objects touched by the hand are contaminated with virus-containing droplets, and the virus may enter the oral cavity, nasal cavity, eyes and other mucosa through the hand;

· Airborne: sneezing and coughing of virus carriers or infected persons;

· Digestive system: It is commonly referred to as fecal mouth spread, and viral nucleic acid has been found in the feces of some infected people.

What are the symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection?

As shown in Figure 2, the main symptoms after infection with the new coronavirus include:

· Main manifestations are fever, fatigue and dry cough;

· Upper respiratory tract symptoms such as stuffy nose and runny nose are rare;

· About half of the patients develop dyspnea more than a week later. In severe cases, they rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis that is difficult to correct, and coagulopathy.

It is worth noting that in the pathological process of severe and critically ill patients, it can be moderate to low fever, or even no obvious fever. Some patients have mild onset symptoms and may not have fever. Most of them recover after a week. Most patients have a good prognosis. A few patients are in critical condition. death.

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